Generally speaking, cleaning machines with a frequency of 28KHZ are commonly used in industries such as hardware, machinery, automotive, and compressors. Optical optoelectronic cleaning, circuit board cleaning, etc. often use a frequency of 40KHZ. High frequency ultrasonic cleaning machines are suitable for fine cleaning of computers and microelectronic components, while megahertz ultrasonic cleaning is suitable for integrated circuit chips and silicon wafers

及波薄膜的清洗，能去除微米、亞微米級的污物而對清洗件沒有任何損傷。而對于一些精密清洗（如液晶體、半導體等）的應用上，使用傳統的頻不但沒法達到清洗的要求，而且還可能造成工件的損傷。典型的例子就是關于軍用電子產品，行業

The cleaning of and wave thin films can remove micron and submicron scale dirt without any damage to the cleaned parts. For some precision cleaning applications (such as liquid crystals, semiconductors, etc.), using traditional frequencies not only fails to meet the cleaning requirements, but may also cause damage to the workpiece. The most typical example is about military electronic products, the industry

已明文規定不允許使用傳統的頻率（20~30KHz）的超聲波清洗機。其實在一些歐美、日本等發達國家，已通過選用高頻清洗機（80KHz或以上頻率，有的已經達到200K或400K）使這個問題得到了解決。

It has been expressly stipulated that the traditional Ultrasonic cleaning with a frequency of 20~30KHz is not allowed to be used. In fact, in some developed countries such as Europe, America, and Japan, this problem has been solved by selecting high-frequency cleaning machines (with frequencies of 80KHz or above, some reaching 200K or 400K).

那么為什么高頻清洗能避免對工件的損傷呢？大家都知道超聲波清洗的基本原理是基于液體的空化效應。事實上空化效應的強度直接跟頻率有關，頻率越高，空化氣泡越小，空化強度越弱，且其減弱的程度非常大。舉例說，如將25KHz時的空化

So why can high-frequency cleaning avoid damage to the workpiece? Everyone knows that the basic principle of ultrasonic cleaning is based on the cavitation effect of liquids. In fact, the intensity of cavitation effect is directly related to frequency. The higher the frequency, the smaller the cavitation bubble, the weaker the cavitation intensity, and the degree of its weakening is very large. For example, if cavitation occurs at 25KHz

強度比作1，40KHz時的空化強度則為1/8，到了80KHz時，空化強度就降到0.02。所以如果頻率選擇正確，超聲波損傷工件的問題就不存在了。

 

The intensity ratio is 1, and the cavitation intensity at 40KHz is 1/8. At 80KHz, the cavitation intensity drops to 0.02. So if the frequency is selected correctly, the problem of ultrasonic damage to the workpiece no longer exists.

由此可見，超聲空化閥值和超聲波的頻率有密切關系，頻率越高，空化閥越高。換句話說，頻率低，空化越容易產生，而且在低頻情況下液體受到的壓縮和稀疏作用有更長的時間間隔，使氣泡在崩潰前能生長到較大的尺寸，增高空化強度，有

It can be seen that there is a close relationship between the ultrasonic cavitation threshold and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave. The higher the frequency, the higher the cavitation valve. In other words, at low frequencies, cavitation is more likely to occur, and at low frequencies, the compression and sparsity effects on the liquid have a longer time interval, allowing the bubble to grow to a larger size before collapse, increasing the intensity of cavitation

利于清洗作用。所以低頻超聲波清洗適用于大部件表面或者污物和清洗件表面結合度高的場合。但易腐蝕清洗件表面，不適宜清洗表面光潔度高的部件，而且空化噪音大。40 KHZ左右的頻率，在相同聲強下，產生的空化泡數量比頻率為20KHZ時多，穿透力較強，宜清洗表面形狀復雜或有盲孔的工件，空化噪音較小，但空化強度較低，適合清洗污物與被清洗件表面結合力較弱的場合。

Beneficial for cleaning effect. So low-frequency ultrasonic cleaning is suitable for occasions where the surface of large components or the surface of dirt and cleaning parts have a high degree of adhesion. But the surface of easily corroded cleaning parts is not suitable for cleaning components with high surface finish, and there is also high cavitation noise. At a frequency of around 40 KHZ, under the same sound intensity, more cavitation bubbles are generated than at a frequency of 20 KHZ, with strong penetration. It is recommended to clean workpieces with complex surface shapes or blind holes. The cavitation noise is low, but the cavitation intensity is low, making it suitable for cleaning situations where the adhesion between dirt and the surface of the cleaned part is weak.

超聲波功率的選擇：

Selection of ultrasonic power:

當聲強增加時，空化泡的大半徑與起始半徑的比值增大，空化強度增大，即聲強愈高，空化愈強烈，有利于超聲波清洗作用。但不是超聲波聲功率越大越好，聲強過高，會產生大量無用的氣泡，增加散射衰減，形成聲屏障，同時聲強增大也

When the sound intensity increases, the ratio of the maximum radius to the initial radius of the cavitation bubble increases, and the cavitation intensity increases. That is, the higher the sound intensity, the stronger the cavitation, which is conducive to the ultrasonic cleaning effect. But it's not that the higher the ultrasonic power, the better. If the sound intensity is too high, it will generate a large number of useless bubbles, increase scattering attenuation, and form a sound barrier. At the same time, the increase in sound intensity also

會增加非線性衰減，這樣都會削弱遠離聲源地方的清洗效果。所以，超聲波清洗的效果不一定于與所加功率和工作時間成正比，有時用小功率花費很長時間也沒有清除污垢，而如果功率達到一定數值，則有可能很快將污垢去除。

It will increase nonlinear attenuation, which will weaken the cleaning effect away from the sound source. So, the effect of ultrasonic cleaning is not necessarily proportional to the applied power and working time. Sometimes, using low power takes a long time without removing dirt. However, if the power reaches a certain value, it is possible to quickly remove dirt.

若超聲波功率太大， 這時液體中空化強度大大增加，較精密的零件將產生蝕點，水點腐蝕也增大，如果振動板表面已受到空化腐蝕，強功率下水底產生空化腐蝕更嚴重，使設備壽命降低，造成不必要的損失，同時清洗缸底部振動板空化也十分

If the ultrasonic power is too high, the cavitation intensity in the liquid will greatly increase, and more precise parts will produce corrosion points and water point corrosion will also increase. If the surface of the vibration plate has already been subjected to cavitation corrosion, the cavitation corrosion in the water bottom under high power will be more severe, reducing the service life of the equipment and causing unnecessary losses. At the same time, cleaning the cavitation of the vibration plate at the bottom of the cylinder is also very important

嚴重，使缸的壽命縮短。

Seriously, it shortens the service life of the cylinder.

但超聲波清洗功率選擇小了，花費很長時間也沒有清除污垢，也是不可取的。常規的超聲波清洗在工業當中，標準型超聲波清洗機從100W至1500W不等，工件有多大，在考慮清洗節拍的前提下，由超聲波清洗槽體的大小決定超聲波的功率。鑒于 目前混響場聲強測量的技術尚不夠成熟，目前還是用單位面積上的功率來進行設計，一般一臺標準超聲清洗機輸出功率密度

However, it is not advisable to choose a lower power for ultrasonic cleaning, which takes a long time and does not remove dirt. Conventional ultrasonic cleaning In industry, the standard Ultrasonic cleaning ranges from 100W to 1500W. The size of the workpiece determines the ultrasonic power by the size of the ultrasonic cleaning tank under the premise of considering the cleaning rhythm. Considering that the current technology for measuring sound intensity in reverberation fields is not yet mature, the design is still based on the power per unit area. Generally, a standard ultrasonic cleaning machine has an output power density

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